Facts and figures for every body in our Solar System — the Sun, all eight planets, their major moons, dwarf planets, asteroids, centaurs and comets. Open any of them in Temposia's real-time, interactive 3D explorer.
Open the 3D Solar System Explorer →A G-type main-sequence star — the gravitational anchor of the solar system. Holds 99.86% of the system’s mass and converts ~600 million tonnes of hydrogen to helium every second.
Light from the Sun takes 8 minutes 20 seconds to reach Earth.
Radius 696,340 km · Temperature ~5,500 °C surface, 15 million °C core · Mass 1.989 × 10³⁰ kg
Full details →The smallest, fastest, and closest planet to the Sun. A scorched, airless rock with extreme day-night temperature swings — the only planet locked in a 3:2 spin–orbit resonance.
A solar day on Mercury (sunrise to sunrise) lasts 176 Earth days — twice its year.
Radius 2,440 km · Distance 0.39 AU · Year 88.0 days · Temperature −173 °C night to 427 °C day · Mass 3.30 × 10²³ kg
Full details →Earth’s twin in size and mass, but the runaway-greenhouse cousin. A 96.5% CO₂ atmosphere traps heat under a permanent sulfuric-acid cloud deck.
Venus rotates backwards relative to its orbit — and does so once every 243 Earth days.
Radius 6,051.8 km · Distance 0.72 AU · Year 224.7 days · Temperature ~465 °C — hottest surface in the solar system · Mass 4.87 × 10²⁴ kg
Full details →The third planet, the only world known to host life, and the only one with liquid surface water and a magnetic field strong enough to deflect the solar wind.
Earth is the densest planet in the solar system at 5.51 g/cm³.
Radius 6,371 km · Distance 1.00 AU · Year 1.0 yr · Temperature Mean ~15 °C · Mass 5.972 × 10²⁴ kg
Full details →The fourth planet — cold, dry, and rusted by iron oxide. Hosts the largest volcano (Olympus Mons) and the deepest canyon system (Valles Marineris) in the solar system.
A Martian day is just 37 minutes longer than Earth’s.
Radius 3,389.5 km · Distance 1.52 AU · Year 1.9 yr · Temperature Mean − 63 °C · Mass 6.42 × 10²³ kg
Full details →The largest planet — a gas giant of mostly hydrogen and helium, with 318 Earth-masses, 95 known moons, and the centuries-old Great Red Spot storm.
Jupiter spins so fast (under 10 hours) that its equator visibly bulges outward.
Radius 69,911 km · Distance 5.20 AU · Year 11.9 yr · Mass 1.898 × 10²⁷ kg
Full details →The second-largest planet and the only one with a ring system visible from Earth. Less dense than water — would float, given a sufficiently large bathtub.
The rings span ~282,000 km across but are mostly under 30 m thick.
Radius 58,232 km · Distance 9.58 AU · Year 29.5 yr · Mass 5.683 × 10²⁶ kg
Full details →The seventh planet — an ice giant tipped on its side, rolling along its orbit at a 97.77° axial tilt. Methane in its atmosphere gives it the pale cyan colour.
Each pole experiences 42 years of unbroken sunlight followed by 42 years of darkness.
Radius 25,362 km · Distance 19.19 AU · Year 84.0 yr · Mass 8.681 × 10²⁵ kg
Full details →The eighth and most distant planet — an ice giant whipped by 2,100 km/h supersonic winds, the fastest in the solar system. The only planet discovered first by mathematics, then by telescope.
A year on Neptune is 164.8 Earth years long — it has only completed one orbit since its 1846 discovery.
Radius 24,622 km · Distance 30.07 AU · Year 164.8 yr · Mass 1.024 × 10²⁶ kg
Full details →Earth’s only natural satellite, formed ~4.5 billion years ago — likely from debris flung into orbit when a Mars-sized body struck the proto-Earth. Drives our tides and slowly drifts away at 3.8 cm/year.
The Moon is tidally locked: we always see the same hemisphere.
Radius 1,737.4 km · Distance 384,400 km · Year 27.3 days · Mass 7.342 × 10²² kg
Full details →The larger and inner of Mars’ two moons — a 22 km potato-shaped rubble pile, captured asteroid or accretion debris.
Phobos is spiralling inward and will crash into Mars (or break into a ring) within ~50 million years.
Radius 11.27 km · Distance 9,376 km · Year 0.3 days
Full details →The smaller, outer Martian moon — a smooth, dark world likely also a captured asteroid.
Radius 6.2 km · Distance 23,463 km · Year 1.3 days
Full details →The most volcanically active body in the solar system. Tidal flexing from Jupiter and the other Galileans melts its interior, driving 400+ active volcanoes that spew sulfur across its surface.
Io’s volcanic plumes can rise 500 km into space.
Radius 1,821.6 km · Distance 421,700 km · Year 1.8 days
Full details →A smooth ice shell hides what may be the largest ocean in the solar system — under twice the volume of Earth’s. One of the prime candidates for hosting life beyond Earth.
Surface plumes of water vapour have been detected erupting from Europa’s south polar region.
Radius 1,560.8 km · Distance 671,100 km · Year 3.6 days
Full details →The largest moon in the solar system — bigger than the planet Mercury. The only moon known to generate its own magnetic field, hinting at a salty subsurface ocean.
Radius 2,634.1 km · Distance 1,070,400 km · Year 7.2 days
Full details →The most heavily cratered body in the solar system — Callisto’s ancient ice surface has barely changed in ~4 billion years.
Radius 2,410.3 km · Distance 1,882,700 km · Year 16.7 days
Full details →A small icy moon dominated by the giant 130 km Herschel crater — one-third of Mimas’ own diameter. Famously resembles the Death Star.
Radius 198.2 km · Distance 185,539 km · Year 0.9 days
Full details →A small bright icy world with active geysers spraying salty water from a global subsurface ocean. The plumes feed Saturn’s E ring directly.
Enceladus reflects ~99% of incoming sunlight, making it the brightest world in the solar system.
Radius 252.1 km · Distance 237,948 km · Year 1.4 days
Full details →A nearly water-ice moon with the enormous Odysseus crater and Ithaca Chasma, a 2000 km canyon system that wraps almost three-quarters around the moon.
Radius 531.1 km · Distance 294,619 km · Year 1.9 days
Full details →An icy moon with bright wispy fracture patterns across its trailing hemisphere — exposed clean ice along tectonic faults.
Radius 561.4 km · Distance 377,396 km · Year 2.7 days
Full details →Saturn’s second-largest moon — a heavily cratered world of mostly water ice. Has a tenuous CO₂-O₂ exosphere, the first detected at any moon.
Radius 763.8 km · Distance 527,108 km · Year 4.5 days
Full details →The only moon with a thick atmosphere — a hazy nitrogen-methane world with rivers, lakes, and rain made of liquid hydrocarbons.
Titan’s atmospheric pressure at the surface is 1.45× Earth’s.
Radius 2,574.7 km · Distance 1,221,870 km · Year 15.9 days
Full details →Two-faced moon — one hemisphere coal-black, the other bright as snow. Wears a 13 km-tall equatorial ridge whose origin is still debated.
Radius 734.5 km · Distance 3,560,820 km · Year 79.3 days
Full details →A small Uranian moon with the most extreme topography in the solar system — 20 km cliffs at Verona Rupes, the tallest known cliffs anywhere.
Radius 235.8 km · Distance 129,390 km · Year 1.4 days
Full details →The brightest of Uranus’ major moons, with relatively young icy plains and deep canyons that suggest past tectonic activity.
Radius 578.9 km · Distance 191,020 km · Year 2.5 days
Full details →The darkest of Uranus’ large moons — an ancient cratered surface coated in a mysterious dark material. Carries the bright "Wunda" crater near its equator.
Radius 584.7 km · Distance 266,000 km · Year 4.1 days
Full details →The largest Uranian moon — a 1500 km mix of rock and water ice with a massive ~1,490 km canyon, Messina Chasmata.
Radius 788.4 km · Distance 435,910 km · Year 8.7 days
Full details →The outermost large Uranian moon — heavily cratered with a 6 km-tall solitary mountain. Uranus’ second-largest moon overall.
Radius 761.4 km · Distance 583,520 km · Year 13.5 days
Full details →Neptune’s largest moon — and the only big moon orbiting backwards. Almost certainly a captured Kuiper Belt object, with active nitrogen geysers and a thin nitrogen atmosphere.
Triton is one of the coldest known objects in the solar system at −235 °C.
Radius 1,353.4 km · Distance 354,759 km · Year 5.9 days (retrograde)
Full details →Pluto’s mutual companion — half Pluto’s diameter and tidally locked face-to-face with it. The two are sometimes called a binary dwarf system.
Radius 606 km · Distance 19,571 km · Year 6.4 days
Full details →The largest object in the asteroid belt and the only dwarf planet in the inner solar system. May still hold a subsurface briny ocean.
Radius 469.7 km · Distance 2.77 AU · Year 4.6 yr · Mass 9.39 × 10²⁰ kg
Full details →The most famous dwarf planet — discovered 1930, demoted from planet 2006. Pluto + Charon are essentially a binary system, with the barycentre between them.
Pluto’s heart-shaped Tombaugh Regio is bigger than Texas.
Radius 1,188.3 km · Distance 39.48 AU · Year 247.9 yr · Mass 1.30 × 10²² kg
Full details →A rapidly-rotating dwarf planet shaped like an egg by its 4-hour spin. Has its own ring and two small moons.
Radius 780 km · Distance 43.13 AU · Year 283.1 yr
Full details →A bright methane-iced dwarf planet in the Kuiper Belt. Slightly smaller than Pluto, with a single known small moon.
Radius 715 km · Distance 45.79 AU · Year 309.4 yr
Full details →The most massive known dwarf planet — its 2005 discovery in the scattered disc was the catalyst for Pluto’s reclassification.
Radius 1,163 km · Distance 67.78 AU · Year 558.1 yr · Mass 1.66 × 10²² kg
Full details →An extreme distant world on a ~11,000-year elliptical orbit — never gets closer than 76 AU. Its bright red surface is among the reddest in the solar system.
Radius 498 km · Distance 506.00 AU · Year 11.4 ky
Full details →A classical Kuiper Belt object with a dense rocky composition and at least one ring — discovered in 2002.
Radius 555 km · Distance 43.69 AU · Year 288.6 yr
Full details →Sometimes called the "anti-Pluto" — same orbital period and resonance with Neptune, but on the opposite side of its orbit. Has a large moon, Vanth.
Radius 458 km · Distance 39.42 AU · Year 247.8 yr
Full details →The second-most massive asteroid and the brightest in our sky. Has a 22 km-tall central peak (Rheasilvia) inside an enormous south-pole impact basin.
Radius 262.7 km · Distance 2.36 AU · Year 3.6 yr
Full details →The third-largest asteroid — known for its highly inclined and eccentric orbit, more comet-like than its belt neighbours.
Radius 256 km · Distance 2.77 AU · Year 4.6 yr
Full details →The fourth-largest asteroid — and large enough to be nearly spherical, recently proposed as a candidate dwarf planet.
Radius 215 km · Distance 3.14 AU · Year 5.6 yr
Full details →One of the first asteroids ever discovered (1804) — a stony S-type body with high reflectivity.
Radius 117 km · Distance 2.67 AU · Year 4.4 yr
Full details →A bright S-type asteroid in the inner main belt. Among the largest siliceous asteroids and frequently studied as a target for adaptive-optics imaging.
Radius 100 km · Distance 2.39 AU · Year 3.7 yr
Full details →The largest member of the Eunomia family of stony asteroids. Possibly the parent of a major collisional family in the main belt.
Radius 116 km · Distance 2.64 AU · Year 4.3 yr
Full details →The first centaur ever discovered (1977) — orbits between Saturn and Uranus and shows occasional cometary activity, blurring the asteroid/comet line.
Radius 110 km · Distance 13.71 AU · Year 50.7 yr
Full details →A deep red centaur — among the reddest known objects in the solar system, likely from organic compounds (tholins) on its surface.
Radius 99 km · Distance 20.43 AU · Year 92.3 yr
Full details →The largest known centaur — and the first non-planet found to have its own ring system, discovered during a 2013 stellar occultation.
Radius 124 km · Distance 15.78 AU · Year 62.8 yr
Full details →The most famous comet in history — first computed to be a periodic returning visitor by Edmond Halley in 1705. Returns roughly every 76 years.
Last seen 1986, due back in mid-2061.
Radius 5.5 km · Distance 17.83 AU · Year 75.3 yr
Full details →The "Great Comet of 1997" — visible to the naked eye for a record 18 months. Its huge nucleus (~60 km across) is one of the largest known.
Radius 30 km · Distance 186.00 AU · Year 2.5 ky
Full details →Discovered in March 2020, the brightest naked-eye comet of the 2020s. Will return in roughly 6,800 years.
Radius 5 km · Distance 358.00 AU · Year 6.8 ky
Full details →A sun-grazing comet that disintegrated during its 2013 perihelion passage — the "Comet of the Century" that wasn’t.
Radius 2 km · Distance 9580.00 AU
Full details →The supermassive black hole at the centre of the Milky Way — a 4.3-million-solar-mass spinning Kerr black hole, imaged by the Event Horizon Telescope in 2022 as a luminous ring around its 51.8-microarcsecond shadow.
Despite its mass, Sgr A* is unusually quiet — its accretion rate is only ~10⁻⁵ M☉ per year.
Radius 12,700,000 km · Temperature No surface — accretion plasma reaches ~10¹⁰ K · Mass 4.297 × 10⁶ M☉
Full details →